Analisis Pemasaran Ternak Kambing di Kabupaten Sabu Raijua

Livestock Marketing Analysis In Sabu Raijua District

Abstract

Mekanisme pemasaran ternak kambing yang dilakukan di Kabupaten Sabu Raijua yaitu peternak menjual langsung ternaknya ke konsumen dan peternak menjual ternak kambing ke pedagang pengumpul , pedagang pengumpul menjual ke padagang antar pulau, lalu pedagang antar pulau menjual ke konsumen. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: (1) mengidentifikasi pemasaran ternak kambing di Kabupaten Sabu Raijua, (2) mengetahui struktur pasar, perilaku pasar, dan tampilan pasar ternak kambing di Kabupaten Sabu Raijua, (3) menganalisis efisiensi ekonomi tataniaga dilihat dari biaya ternak kambing di Kabupaten Sabu Raijua. Dalam  metode penentuan contoh  digunakan metode purposive sampling, yang terdiri dari 2 kecamaatan contoh dan desa 10 desa contoh, sedangkan untuk pengambilan lembaga pemasaran dilakukan dengan teknik snowball sampling. Metode pengumpulan data yang dilakukan  menggunakan metode survei. Metode analisis data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan struktur, perilaku dan tampilan pasar (SCP). Struktur pasar yang terjadi mengarah ke pasar persaingan oligopoli dengan konsentrasi sedang. Perilaku pasar yang terjadi di Kabupaten Sabu Raijua terintegrasi secara tidak sempurna. Analisis tampilan pasar digunakan pendekatan analis farmer’s share, margin pemasaran ( marketing cost dan  marketing profit), dan efisiensi pembiayaan. Rata-rata share yang diterima petani peternak sebesar 50,29%. Margin pemasaran  pada tingkat pedagang pengumpul sebesar Rp.s.614.855, margin pemasaran pada tingkat pedagang antar pulau sebesar Rp.8.009.01. Biaya pemasaran pada tingkat pedagang pengumpul sebesar Rp.465.350, pada tingkat pedagang antar pulau sebesar Rp.590.000. Profit margin pedagang pengumpul sebesar Rp.1.137.160/ST, sedangkan profit margin pedagang anatr pulau sebesar Rp.1.830.967/ST. Efisiensi pembiayaan sebesar 13,17%. Sistem pemasaran ternak kambing di Kabupaten Sabu Raijua sudah efisien.

Kata kunci: ternak kambing, struktur pasar, perilaku pasar, tampilan pasar,saluran pemasaran

ABSTRACT

The marketing mechanism for goats in Sabu Raijua Regency is that breeders sell their livestock directly to consumers and breeders sell goats to collectors, collecting traders sell to inter-island traders, then inter-island traders sell to consumers. This study aims to: (1) identify the marketing of goats in Sabu Raijua Regency, (2) know the market structure, market behavior, and market appearance of goats in Sabu Raijua Regency, (3) analyze the economic efficiency of trading in terms of livestock costs. goats in Sabu Raijua Regency. In the method of determining the sample, the method used was purposive sampling, which consisted of 2 sample districts and 10 sample villages, while the marketing agency was taken using the snowball sampling technique. The data collection method used was the survey method. The data analysis method in this study uses a market structure, behavior and appearance (SCP) approach. The market structure that occurs leads to a competitive oligopoly market with moderate concentration. Market behavior that occurs in Sabu Raijua Regency is imperfectly integrated. Market view analysis used the analyst approach to farmer's share, marketing margins (marketing cost and marketing profit), and financing efficiency. The average share received by breeders is 50.29%. The marketing margin at the collector merchant level is IDR 614,855, the marketing margin at the inter-island trader level is IDR 8,009.01. Marketing costs at the merchant collector level are Rp.465,350, at the inter-island trader level, Rp.590,000. The collector traders 'profit margins are Rp. 1,137,160 / ST, while the island traders' profit margins are Rp. 1,830,967 / ST. Financing efficiency of 13.17%. The goat marketing system in Sabu Raijua Regency is efficient.

Keywords: Goat livestock, market structure, market behavior, market appearance, marketing channels